How To Conquer Tamiflu Influenza Virus

To be kidnapped Dewi Sinta, Marica Mahapatih bersiluman a golden deer, while King Ravana turned into an old priest. The effort they do to trick and deceive the system guarding against Dewi Sinta. Ravana finally managed to steal Dewi Sinta. Similarly, the story is told in the Ramayana.

Viruses, which are parasites of living beings, are also constantly "bersiluman" by mutating in order to trick the host cell's defense system. This method allows the virus to enter cells and makes the virus can escape from the attack host cells. The virus can then multiply inside host cells and can result in death for the infected organism. Not only that, with the mutated, the virus can also become resistant to the drugs used by humans to suppress the virus.

One of the viruses that are harmful to humans are influenza viruses. In the last five years the world community shocked by the spread of one subtype of influenza A, which is called H5N1 bird flu. The virus is reported to have killed 262 people worldwide. In Indonesia alone the victims reached 115 people.

Unfinished face of H5N1, now the world community was surprised by the spread of infection and transmission of influenza A virus subtype H1N1. In a relatively short time, the virus has killed more than 400 people worldwide. The world was declared in a state of pandemic influenza.

On fears a pandemic, it was reported that from there the influenza virus, both H5N1 and H1N1, which is resistant to Tamiflu. In fact, the mainstay of antiviral drug Tamiflu be used to counteract the spread of H5N1 or H1N1.

Inhibition "neuraminidase"

Oseltamivir, influenza antiviral drug known as Tamiflu, works by inhibiting neuraminidase, an enzyme which is a protein that resides on the surface of the virus. In inhibiting neuraminidase, oseltamivir is attached to the side so that the active enzyme neuraminidase enzyme becomes inactive. Neuraminidase plays a role in releasing newly formed virus so that this new virus can spread and infect other cells.

The new viruses formed as a result of proliferation in the cell initially remains attached to the cell surface through sialat acid residues. To remove the virus from host cell membranes, neuraminidase sialat acid residues are cut. If the activity of neuraminidase is inhibited by oseltamivir, the newly formed viruses can not escape to spread that virus proliferation can be stopped.

This condition will help the body's defense system to win the battle against the influenza virus that was attacking so that infected people can recover.

However, if oseltamivir failed to inhibit the activity of neuraminidase, the virus will continue to multiply and can spread from one cell to another cell, although patients given the drug Tamiflu. This situation is extremely dangerous and can threaten the lives of sufferers. For example, patient deaths due to H5N1 resistant to Tamiflu, among others, have been reported in Vietnam and as a result of Tamiflu-resistant H1N1 infection have been reported in the Netherlands.

Gene mutation "neuraminidase"

Influenza virus could become resistant to Tamiflu because of a mutation in the neuraminidase gene, the gene coding for the neuraminidase protein. Mutations are changes in nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule or gene, for example, changes in base cytosine (C) to thymine base (T). These base changes may result in changes in the genetic code that could further alter the amino acid residues of the encoded protein.

Neuraminidase gene size 1362 base pairs and encodes a protein neuraminidase, which consists of 454 amino acid residues. C to T mutation at nucleotide bases that alter the amino acid residues 763 to 454 of the neuraminidase protein of the histidine to tyrosine.

This change resulted in the attachment of the protein neuraminidase oseltamivir changed so that oseltamivir can no longer be bound to the neuraminidase (see Figure). As a result, could not be inhibited neuraminidase activity and virus replication can not be halted by Tamiflu. Other mutations are also reported to cause resistance to Tamiflu is a mutation that changed amino acid residue 292 from arginine to a lysine residue and a change to-294 from asparagine to serine.

To anticipate the emergence of a dangerous mutation in the influenza virus, or a sequence of nucleotide base sequences of DNA virus that is infectious to be analyzed routinely. Changes in the neuraminidase gene needs to be monitored in order to anticipate the outbreak of the virus resistant to Tamiflu. In addition, influenza antiviral drug alternatives should be developed. Treatment using several compounds with different ways of working should also be considered.

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Sun Strengthens Immune System

DO NOT rush against the sun. The results of recent studies, as quoted by Reuters, in addition to helping us live longer, the sun provides the health benefits outweigh the risk of skin cancer. "The risk of skin cancer do exist, but the health benefits of sun exposure was far greater," said Johan Moan, a researcher at the Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway.

Furthermore, the leader of this study revealed that exposure to sunlight in moderation benefit of vitamin D is very large. The sun's rays spur the body to produce vitamin D. Unfortunately the fear of skin cancer leads many people to distance themselves from the sun. This action, according to researchers, means eliminating an important protection for the body of a series of illnesses.

Numerous studies show a protective effect of vitamin D intake is greater on some types of cancer and diseases such as ricket, diabetes, and osteoporosis. Some foods do contain vitamin D, but its main source comes from the sun.

The researchers calculated that the same amount of time spent outdoors, people living in Australia (under the equator) produce 3.4 times more vitamin D than those living in Britain and 4.5 times in Scandinavia. This means even though rates of internal cancers such as colon cancer, lung, breast, and prostate increased, fewer people residing in latitudes who died of the disease.

It is said Richard Setlow of the Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory in the United States, "These data provide further indications about the role of vitamin D obtained from sunlight for cancer prognosis." Getting more vitamin D which helps the immune system works well, too important for those who live in regions like Scandinavia. Where winter lasts long enough, so that sun exposure is very limited.

Moan recommend exposure to the sun every day around half the time it takes for someone to make her skin burn. The best time to get exposure to the sun is in the morning and afternoon. Do not be surprised if they could burn the skin.

Another way to obtain vitamin D, could be by designing sunscreen that can block wavelengths of ultraviolet (UV) length that triggers a deadly skin cancers forming. On the other hand, let the shorter UV wavelengths into the skin to produce vitamin.

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Zinc, Minerals Immune Enhancer

ZINC rarely discussed although it is as important as other minerals your body needs. Zinc helps human growth and enhance immunity. Without zinc, hundreds of enzymes in the body can not function.

Zinc in Indonesian translated as zinc, and in chemistry denoted by Zn, an essential mineral found in all cells of a living body, including the human body. More than 300 kinds of enzymes in the human body require zinc as a cofactor to ensure the optimization function.

Without the presence of zinc, all of these enzymes will strike. Can imagine what would happen if a massive strike force the enzyme was actually happening.

Some scientific evidence suggests that many people who still suffer from zinc deficiency. This is what causes low immune system (immune) a person's body so that it becomes very prone to various diseases (Smith, 1988).

Zinc has the designation as mineral healer who strongly supports immune system function. It has been observed that the higher speed of wound healing in patients who fulfilled the needs of its zinc.

Therefore, it is recommended that patients were given zinc in sufficient quantities at the time of pre-and postoperatively. Zinc therapy has also been recommended for patients who suffer from respiratory infections, burns, surgery, a variety of traumatic injuries due to accidents, and other diseases that desperately need a good healing performance.

Zinc deficiency is also suspected as a major component of the nutrients that play a role in the inhibition process of growth and maturation of sexuality. In biochemical terms, zinc is involved in the biosynthesis of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and is suspected as an activator of collagen synthetase enzyme, which is an enzyme that plays a role in the biosynthesis of collagen and enhance tissue repair (www.1uphealth.com).

Amount Needed
Zinc is an essential mineral found in almost all cells. Zinc stimulates the activity of 100 kinds of enzymes and is involved as a cofactor in the 200 kinds of other enzymes. Zinc is expressed as a mineral whose role is to enhance the biochemical reactions in the body. This mineral supports immune system performance required in wound healing, helps maintain the sense of smell and taste function, and required in the synthesis of DNA. Zinc also supports normal growth during pregnancy, childhood, and adulthood.

Zinc Sources
Zinc is found in various types of foodstuffs. Oysters contain zinc in the largest amount per dose sajinya. However, in everyday life, meat and poultry to meet the needs of the majority of zinc because it is more often consumed. Other sources of zinc that can be consumed are whole grains, nuts, seafood, whole grains and dairy products.

In the body, zinc absorption systems derived from animal sources have been more favorable than those derived from plant materials. The main cause of inhibition of absorption of zinc from plant materials is the high levels of phytic acid in grains, cereals, nuts and so on. Phytic acid can act as antinutrisi, the mechanism of action is to inhibit the absorption of zinc from plant materials.

U.S. dietary guidelines in 2000 has suggested the consumption pattern of balanced nutrition to meet all your body's nutritional needs. No single type of food or food that contains all the nutritious substances useful for the body.

In relation to zinc, a combination of consumption of meat, poultry, seafood, whole grains, dried legumes, nuts, and cereals are fortified is the best option.

Beware the Vegetarian
Zinc deficiency can occur when zinc intake into the body does not meet the daily needs of the body. For others, the digestibility of poor due to the presence of zinc as antinutrisi phytic acid. Absorption of zinc is also regulated homeostasis, ie increased absorption in the body as deficient, and decrease if excessive consumption.

The symptoms of zinc deficiency are growth retardation, hair loss, diarrhea, delayed sexual maturation (hipogonadism), impotence, rashes on the eyes and skin (dermatitis) and loss of appetite. Other symptoms are also found to include weight loss, slow wound healing period, abnormal sense of smell and taste due to parakeratosis (thickening of the nerve endings so it is not sensitive), and mental lethargy.

A person is often completely unaware that he was deficient in zinc. This is due to no specific symptoms that are caused by zinc deficiency. The same symptoms can also be caused by a deficiency of other nutrients. Another disadvantage is the unavailability of a specific method that can detect and nutritional status of zinc deficiency in humans.

As a generalization, most physicians would recommend the consumption of zinc supplements in people with energy shortages, heavy drinkers, people with digestive disorders, and abnormal growth in infants and children. Suggested consumption is given in anticipation of the occurrence of zinc deficiency.

Vegetarians generally requires zinc in the amount 50 percent greater than the need zinc nonvegetarian. This refers back to the content of substances antinutrisi vegetable foodstuffs that could inhibit the absorption of zinc from the amount consumed. Therefore, the vegetarians are strongly encouraged to take zinc supplements.

Zinc deficiency during pregnancy can cause a slow fetal growth. Zinc supplementation can provide a good anticipation when given to children who show symptoms of growth retardation is not too bad. Milk can no longer meet the daily needs of zinc in infants aged 7-12 months.

Therefore, children should also be given supplementary food milk (MP-ASI)-rich zinc. In contrast, breastfeeding mothers must also meet the exact needs of zinc, either from natural food ingredients and supplements.

Other groups are also susceptible to zinc deficiency are alcoholics. Approximately 30-50 percent of heavy drinkers commonly suffer from zinc deficiency. Alcoholics generally have the digestibility and absorption of zinc are low.

Therefore, generally large amounts of zinc will be found in the urine drinkers of alcohol (Smith, 1988). Zinc deficiency in alcoholics will compounded by the general condition of those who rarely mengasup foods with nutritional balance. Most of their energy needs met from alcohol.

Another condition of the body can improve the status of zinc deficiency was diarrhea. If a person suffers from diarrhea, zinc deficiency is likely to have become bigger. In the case of diarrhea, the digestibility of zinc decreased so that it becomes more removed from the body. Pascapembedahan conditions, especially in the digestive tract surgery (appendicitis, Crohn's disease), also increase the risk of zinc deficiency.

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Do not Drink Origin Immune booster

USE drugs that stimulate and improve immune or popularly known as immunomodulators should be wiser. Lack of understanding of society immunomodulatory make these substances are often abused and treated like vitamins or supplements. In fact, improper usage can actually harm the body which stimulates allergic responses.

"Immunomodulator is often misused considered as vitamins and told to eat every day. If a healthy person given immunomodulatory what consequences? Can excessive immune and allergic added so as autoimmune and other diseases," said Dr. Zakiudin Munasir, Sp. A (K), Chairman of the Division of Allergy Immunology, Section of Child Health, Faculty of medicine / RSCM, in Press Conference Nutrilon Royal 3 in Jakarta, Wednesday (22/10).

Dr. Zakiudin stressed that immunomodulators should only be used if a person, whether children or adults have impaired immunity. "For example when a child is sick, sickly child because of lack of immunity or severe pain after it was ok. But if the child was healthy, do every day," he explained.

The doctor who served as the Society of Allergy-Immunology (Peralmuni) Jakarta Branch was also advised not to consume immunomodulators, although in the form of phytopharmaca every day because it will stimulate allergies.

"It's Phytopharmaca drugs. Although the natural material, whether people should take herbs every day for example. That may be when he's sick, for example again the flu, contracted smallpox from relatives or seriously ill when discharged. If normal immune, what-stimulated excitatory , later even tired, "he explained.

Although so far no studies about the effects of excessive use of immunomodulatory, Zakiudin stated that in theory the body will be very prone to allergies.

"If the normal immune stimulated continues, someone will be added so the allergy.'ll Immunity so excessive. Immunomodulatory Anyway it's not as supplements but are necessary in times of need such as the body when exposed to infection," he added.

Immunomodulator, continued Zakiudin, indeed different from the vitamins that the body can be removed when no longer needed or redundant. When the immune system is too excessive, the body becomes overly sensitive and the balance of lymphocyte cells to be disrupted.

"In it there is a balance of the body cells of the lymphocyte T-lymphocyte cells and lymphocytes helper1 the T-helper 2. One more helper T cells contribute to immunity against infection while T helper 2 contributes to the antibody. In people with excessive immune reaction allergies will be easy because the T-helper lymphocytes 2 becomes too dominant, "he said.

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Fiber and Probiotics Boost Immunity

ONLY people immune to either avoid the attack of the flu virus. How easy way to boost immunity?

Here are suggestions of Dr.. Samuel Oetoro, MS, Sp.GK, clinical nutritionist from Nutrifit Clinic.

1. consumption of yoghurt

This fermented milk known to contain good bacteria, Bifidobakterium and lactobacilli. Both types of bacteria are working hard to maintain intestinal health and stimulate the immune system. "Gastrointestinal good means a good body immunity. Therefore, 70 percent of the human immune determined from the digestive health, "he said.

2. Expand fiber
Fiber is a good mate of bacteria in maintaining immunity. The recommended amount of 25-35 grams per day or equivalent to 5 kinds of fruit and three kinds of vegetables a day. Other sources of fiber are cereals, nuts are not fried, whole wheat bread.

3. Add 2 cups water
Many eating fiber means having to add water consumption as much as 2 cups. If you drink 8 glasses of water a day, after mengasup lots of fiber, the consumption of water you now have 10 cups a day.

4. Avoid unhealthy habits
Unhealthy habits damage the immune system, including the consumption of too much caffeine, smoking, drinking alcohol, exposed to pollution. Toxic substances in unhealthy habits that will rob the effectiveness of vitamins and minerals your immune enhancer that has been smoked.

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Often Flu = Low Immune System?

The frequency of pain that is often not a sign of our immune system is bad, but it means the body's ability to fight bacteria or viruses might be weak. Many factors can make us a low immune system, including stress.

Many ways you can do to improve the body's ability to fight the flu virus. The first is by eating nutritious foods, exercise, and keep the mood by doing relaxation. Use supplements to increase endurance is also recommended.

When flu season comes, take precautions to avoid transmission of 200 types of viruses that often cause the flu. The most important thing is to wash your hands often using soap at least 15-20 seconds. In addition, avoid the use of glasses or eating utensils with others who are sick.

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7 Foods Repelling Disease

According to health experts with a natural holistic approach, keeping the immune system can actually begin to nurture and maintain a healthy digestive system.

With good conditions the digestive system, absorption of nutrients from each food is digested more easily. Healthy digestion can also neutralize toxins as well as against bacteria and viruses that harm the body.

In order for the digestive system still okay, there are many ways to do but eat regularly with a balanced nutrition. One of them is eating the kinds of foods that boost immunity. Here are seven types of food that makes your body is naturally able to resist disease.

1. Garlic: active ingredient, allicin, act as antiviral and antibacterial. This substance can clean the liver so that in turn will clean the blood and stimulates the production of white blood cells.

2. Ginger: This plant contains a number of important substances that can warm your body, make the body sweat, fight fever, and neutralize toxins. Ginger also triggers the release of mucus and effective way to relieve respiratory and lung channels. Ginger is also used for upset stomach due to its function as a cleaner.

3. Honey: This fluid is a natural antibiotic as well as an antiseptic. Honey also contains immune boosters and a variety of vitamins and minerals like B-complex, vitamin C, D, E, and propolis. Honey can also solve problems of the throat, allergies, asthma and other respiratory problems due to its ability to overcome the irritation.

4. Cayenne: Foods that this one had higher levels of vitamins C, A, B, calcium, and potassium high. In addition, cayenne can also stimulate blood circulation and is known to treat a number of gastrointestinal diseases.

5. Acidophilus and bifidus: Known as the good bacteria, microbes can contribute to suppress the growth of bad bacteria in the gut, improve immune function and stimulates the production of vitamin K. Two types of bacteria found in yogurt or kefir.

6. Green Vegetables: Dark green vegetables like kale, swiss chard, and spinach contain vitamin B12, folic acid, potassium, vitamins A, C, and K, all of which are known to boost immunity.

7. Acid and alkaline: A mixture of acid or alkaline balance claimed to improve digestion and help healing. For example, you can make a drink lemon juice mixed with warm water.7 Foods Repelling Disease

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